When we inhale, the diaphragm contracts during inhalation, when it contract, it moves downward allowing the lungs to expand for the oxygen gas to fill the lungs. External intercostals muscles also will contract thereby expanding the rib cage for lung expansion. Lung expansion causes the air pressure inside the lungs to decreased compared to the air pressure in the atmosphere. Since lungs have less air pressure compared to the atmosphere during inhalation, the high concentration of air in the atmosphere diffuses to the low concentration of air inside the lungs. This is the principle why air moves inside the lungs when we inhale and our chest expand. During exhalation, diaphragm muscles relaxes causes the lungs to return to its original size. Rib cage and diaphragm returns to its original place. These results to decreased in volume of the lungs which increases the air pressure inside the lungs compared to the air pressure in the atmosphere. The high concentration of air inside the lungs moves out to the atmosphere having less air concentration.
List of Muscles involved during Inhalation
- External Intercostals muscles
- Diaphragm
- Sternocleidomastoid Muslces
- Pectoralis minor
All of these muscles will contract during inhalation to facilitate air to move into the lungs particularly the oxygen air.
List of Muscles involved during Exhalation
- Internal Intercostals Muscles
- Diaphragm
- Abdominal Muscles
- Quadratus Lumborum
All these muscles will contract except for the diaphragm to facilitate exhalation of carbon dioxide gas.
To know more about the muscles involved in inhalation and exhalation kindly visit the link: brainly.ph/question/594345
The passageway of oxygen as it goes into the lungs
- Nose
- Nasal cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
Nose
The external organ of breathing system which receives the oxygen during inhalation.
Nasal cavity
oxygen is modified in the nasal cavity before it enters the lower breathing system which the air is warmed, cleaned, and moistened.
Pharynx
common passageway of food and air. Pharynx is divided into three region, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharyx.
Larynx
Receives the oxygen coming from the pharynx as moves down through the epiglottis.
Trachea
also known as windpipe; receives the air from the larynx and connect it to the bronchi below it.
Bronchi
also called bronchial tubes; two branching tubes that connect the trachea to the right and left lungs.
Bronchioles
Finer subdivision of bronchi, a hairlike tube that connects to the alveoli.
Alveoli
The actual site of gas exchange between oxygen from the atmosphere and carbon dioxide as waste product of metabolism in the body.
During inhalation, air will enter the nose as the external organ of the respiratory system. It travels to the Nasal cavity for the air to be moistens, warms and filter. The air will then move to the pharynx which is a common passageway of food and air. Pharynx is divided into three region, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharyx. As we inhale, the epiglottis will open the passageway of air to the larynx and moves down to the trachea which is also known as the windpipe. It will then moves into the right bronchi to enter the right lung and left bronchi to enter the left lung. Bronchi are branching into smaller tube called bronchioles. And finally, after the bronchioles, the air will then reach the alveoli which is the actual site of gas exchange. When carbon dioxide moves out the respiratory system, it start with alveoli until it is out of the nose or mouth.
To know more about gas exchange visit this link: brainly.ph/question/1547755
brainly.ph/question/13844
