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There are two main parts of chloroplast known as the grana and stroma.
Grana are made up of stacks of disc-shaped structures known as thylakoids. The shape of the thylakoids allow for optimum surface area.
Note:
• Stacks of thylakoids are called grana.
Stroma is the homogenous matrix which contains grana and is similar to the cytoplasm in cells in which all the organelles are embedded.
The internal (thylakoid) membrane vesicles are organized into stacks, which reside in a matrix known as the stroma.