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Task B: Atomic Model Spotlight: Illuminating the Secrets of the Atom
Instruction:
1. Examine the word search puzzle you completed to identify the names of five scientific models that
explain the structure of the atom.
2. Fill in the first column of the table with the names of these atomic models. Each model name
should correspond to one row in the table.
3. For each model, research and complete the remaining columns of the table:
4. Proponent and Year: Write down the name of the scientist or scientists who proposed the
model, along with the year it was proposed.
5. Main Features: Summarize the key characteristics or features of the atomic model.
6. Contribution to the Understanding of Atomic Structure: Describe how the model contributed to
our understanding of the structure of the atom.
7. Be thorough and accurate in your research, and ensure that each column of the table
is completed with relevant information.
8. Once you have filled in all the details for each atomic model, review your work to ensure clarity
and correctness.
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Sagot :

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Five Structural Models of the Atom

Dalton’s Model (Solid Sphere Model)

Think of a tiny, solid ball. Each ball represents an atom with no internal structure.

This was the first model of the atom, proposed by John Dalton in the early 1800s. Dalton imagined atoms as tiny, solid spheres, like billiard balls, that cannot be divided or broken down into smaller parts.

Thomson’s Model (Plum Pudding Model)

Imagine a pudding with embedded chocolate chips. The pudding is positively charged, and the chocolate chips represent electrons.

J.J. Thomson discovered electrons in 1897 and proposed a new model. He suggested that an atom is a positive sphere with negatively charged electrons scattered throughout, like plums in a pudding.

Rutherford’s Model (Nuclear Model)

Picture a small, dense nucleus at the center with electrons orbiting around it, like planets around the sun.

In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered the nucleus, a tiny, dense, positively charged center of the atom. He proposed that electrons orbit this nucleus, like planets orbiting the sun.

Bohr’s Model (Planetary Model)

Visualize concentric circles around a central nucleus, with electrons on these specific orbits or shells. Quite similar to how planets orbit around the sun.

Niels Bohr improved Rutherford's model in 1913 by suggesting that electrons move in specific orbits or energy levels around the nucleus. Electrons can jump between these levels by absorbing or releasing energy.

Quantum Mechanical Model

Think of a fuzzy cloud where the density represents the probability of finding an electron in that region. The nucleus is still at the center.

This model, developed by Erwin Schrödinger, Werner Karl Heisenberg, and others in 1926, introduces the concept of electron clouds or orbitals where electrons are likely to be found. It focuses on probabilities rather than fixed paths.

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