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Answer:
1. Tanyak Tanyak is a face painting custom unique to Yakan tribal culture and is worn only for wedding ceremonies. Circles, spots, and diamond patterns are printed on the face using bamboo implements and a thick mixture of rice starch or flour and water.
2. Kulintang gongs are cast using the cire perdue method, a lost-wax process. The first phase is the creation of wax molds of the gongs. In the past, before the availability of standardized wax sheets made specifically for foundry use, the molds were made out of either beeswax (talo) or candle wax (kandila). The wax mold is covered with a special mixture of finely-powdered coal and mud, which is applied on the wax surface using a brush. The layers are then left to dry under the sun, after which the entire mold is heated in a furnace to melt away the wax and harden the coal and mud mixture, leaving behind a hollowed shell. Molten bronze is poured into the mouth of the hardened mold, cooled to a certain temperature, and then the mold is broken apart, revealing a new gong. The gong is refined, cleaned, and properly identified by the panday (gong-maker). Finally, the finished product is fine-tuned using a process called tongkol, hammering the boss from the inside to slightly raise the gong’s pitch, or hammering the boss from the outside to lower the pitch. The correct tuning is found by ear, with players striking a sequence of gongs, looking for a melodic contour they are familiar with.
3. The jars are commonly known today as Maitum jars. They are made of earthenware, and are characterized by their design that suggests human figures with complete or partial facial features of the first inhabitants in Mindanao. Furthermore, they give emphasis to the Filipinos' popular belief of life after death.
4. Batige is a large manually carved wooden top inlaid with mother-of-pearl— The gador is made using the lost-wax method
5. The gador is made using the lost-wax method in the Maranao town of Tugaya, Lanao del Sur. The community there is known for artistry in wood carving, weaving, and metal casting. The Maranao metal smiths had modified and enhanced the lost-wax method starting the gadur's manufacture by creating a clay mold.