Answer:
1.) The functional unit of life.
It is the smallest structural unit of living matter that is capable of functioning independently. A single cell can be a complete organism in itself, as in bacteria and protozoans. A unicellular organism also captures and digests food, respires, excretes, grows, and reproduces. Similar functions in multi-cellular organisms are carried out by groups of specialized cells organized into tissues and organs such as the higher plants and animals. Hence, the cell is known as the basic structural and functional unit of life
2.)The two organelles containing their own genetic material are mitochondria and plastids. Mitochondria are sites of respiration in the cell.
3.)Mitochondria are tiny organelles inside cells that are involved in releasing energy from food. This process is known as cellular respiration. It is for this reason that mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell.
4.)Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments responsible for capturing the light energy that is necessary for photosynthesis. The chloroplasts are therefore known as the kitchen of the cell.
5.)Centrioles are organelles involved in cell division. The function of centrioles is to help organize the chromosomes before cell division occurs so that each daughter cell has the correct number of chromosomes after the cell divides. Centrioles are found only in animal cells and are located near the nucleus.
6.)Mitochondria : It performs the function of respiration and provides the cell with energy. ... Golgi bodies : These collect and distribute substances made in cell, synthesis and secretions of many materials. Ribosomes : They help in the synthesis of proteins.
7.)Genes are a set of instructions that determine what the organism is like, its appearance, how it survives, and how it behaves in its environment. Genes are made of a substance called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. They give instructions for a living being to make molecules called proteins.
8.)The cell membrane, therefore, has two functions: first, to be a barrier keeping the constituents of the cell in and unwanted substances out and, second, to be a gate allowing transport into the cell of essential nutrients and movement from the cell of waste products.
9.)Cytoplasm is a thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane. It is mainly composed of water, salts, and proteins. ... All of the organelles in eukaryotic cells, such as the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, are located in the cytoplasm.
10.)In 1831, Robert Brown discovered the nucleus in the cell. The nucleus in eukaryotic cells is a protoplasmic body covered by a double membrane that contains hereditary details. Robert Brown discovered the nucleus in 1831
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