Answer:
Learning Task 7
1. Soil erosion occurs naturally by wind or harsh climatic conditions but human activities include overgrazing, overcropping and deforestation. Overgrazing occurs when farmers stock too many animals such as sheep, cattle or goats on their land.
2. Soil erosion is the weathering away of topsoil caused by water, wind or tillage. Pesticides and other chemicals can get trapped in soil, polluting streams and rivers as the soil breaks apart. Soil erosion can also lead to mudslides and floods, negatively affecting the structural integrity of buildings and roadways. Over time, abusive farming and agricultural tilling processes can result in nutrient degradation -- the decline in soil quality. This type of erosion depletes organic matter in soil, making it less suitable for planting and harvesting crops or for the natural production of vegetation.
3. Terraced farming needs to be implemented to make hillside agriculture manageable. Terraces prevent erosion and allow more water to flow to crops. In addition, hillside farm fields need full crop cover to help keep the soil in place. This can be accomplished by intercropping, which means growing two crops together in the same field, such as planting rows of maize or soybean between rows of oil palm trees. For smallholders, agroforestry systems where a diverse set of crops, including trees, are grown together can be effective. Access to manure improves the organic matter of the soil, which inhibits erosion. Finally, alternating deep-rooted and shallow-rooted crops improves soil structure and reduces erosion at the same time.
V. ASSESMENT
1. C. Topsoil
2. D. Sediments
3. B. Deforestation
4. E. Erosion
5. A. Mine Tailings
Explanation:
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