Answer:
When we consider standards-based reform, we expect that our students will converge and have similar learning outcomes; however, it is not that simple. We need to account for inclusion, which naturally brings a divergence of student learning styles and challenges. As stated in the Introduction, teachers are being called upon to produce greater similarity in learning outcomes, despite greater diversity in student populations. In this chapter, we will address the second element of the MMECCA framework, the MATERIALS of instruction, or the tangible items, that are used to support instruction and create outcomes for our diverse students.
