Magnetic materials are materials that have a magnetic domain and are attracted to an external magnet, while the non-magnetic materials are those are not attracted to an external magnetic fields. These materials can be distinguished using simple tools or materials such as a small permanent magnets or possibly a compass. Examples of magnetic materials include ferrite (or pure iron), neodymium (a rare earth metal), magnetite, hematite (both magnetite and hermatite are oxides of iron), cobalt, nickel, iron and their metal alloys, etc.
Descriptions of Magnetic and Non Magnetic Materials
Magnetic materials are those materials which are attracted by a magnet. Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt are magnetic substances, therefore items that mostly consist of these materials are attracted by a magnet. In addition, magnetic materials can be magnetized which means that magnetic materials, when undergo a process, can be transformed into (permanent) magnets. Read https://brainly.ph/question/424575 for some details and examples for magnetic induction.
The word “magnetic materials” is used commonly for ferromagnetic materials (description below), nonetheless, materials can be categorized into the following classifications based on the magnetic properties shown by them:
Types of Magnetic Material
- Paramagnetic materials
: The materials which are not intensely attracted to a magnet are identified as paramagnetic material. For example: aluminium, tin magnesium etc. Their relative permeability is low but positive. For instance: the permeability of aluminium is: 1.00000065. Such materials are magnetized only when placed on a super strong magnetic field and act in the direction of the magnetic field.
- Diamagnetic materials
: Materials that are repelled by a magnet such as zinc, mercury, lead, sulfur, copper, silver, bismuth, wood etc., are identified as diamagnetic materials. Their permeability is slightly lower than one. For example the relative permeability of bismuth is 0.00083, copper is 0.000005 and wood is 0.9999995.
- Ferromagnetic materials
: These materials are strongly attracted by a magnetic field. Most magnets are thought to be ferromagnetic material. Examples of these are steel , nickel, cobalt etc. The permeability off these things is very high (ranging up to several hundred or thousand). A metal is said to be ferromagnetic if it can be magnetized or can be converted into a magnet. When a magnet is held very close to a metal object, it may happen that its own electrical field will be induced and the object becomes magnetic. Some metals keep their magnetism for extensive hours than others. Iron loses its magnetism quite rapidly when it is moved further away from the magnet. Steel on the other hand will stay magnetic for a longer time. Steel is often used to make permanent magnets which can be used for a variety of purposes.
- Ferrimagnetic materials
: the magnetic domains are aligned in opposite directions but the net magnetic moment is not zero
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- Antiferromagnetic materials: the magnetic domains are aligned in opposite directions and the net magnetic moment is zero
Those materials which are not attracted by a magnet are called non- magnetic materials. All the materials other than iron, nickel, and Cobalt are non-magnetic. Material substances such as plastic, rubber, water, etc are non-magnetic materials. To reiterate, non-magnetic substances cannot be affected by magnets or can be magnetized.
What is Magnetism?
Magnetism is a force that a number of objects, which are called 'magnetic' objects, can exert on each other without physically touching. A magnetic object is surrounded by an imaginary lines of magnetic 'field' that become weaker as one moves further away from the object. Strength of magnet: https://brainly.ph/question/224415
When an item is placed within a magnetic field (from a magnetized object), this will affect the material’s electrons through the magnetic force. This effect is identified as Faraday's Law of Magnetic Induction. On the other hand, materials can respond somewhat in a different way to the occurrence of an external magnetic field. This reaction is dependent on the different presence of factors, such as the atomic and molecular structure of the material, and the net magnetic field associated with the atoms. The magnetic moments related with atoms have three origins. These are the electron motion, the change in motion caused by an external magnetic field, and the spin of the electrons.
Further reading:
Difference between magnet and magnetism: https://brainly.ph/question/2267539
