Answer:
1. top-down
2. bottom-up
3. top-down
4. top-down
5. top-down
6. bottom-up
7. bottom-up
8. top-down
9. bottom-up
10. top-down
Explanation:
Top-down listening happens when we use background knowledge to make sense of what we are listening to. We already know a fair amount about the topic, and the story or information we are getting fits into a previously established schema. Bottom up listening, on the other hand, happens when we understand language sound by sound or word by word, with less use of background knowledge.
Examples of common top-down listening activities include:
- Putting a series of pictures or sequence of events in order,
- Listening to conversations and identifying where they take place,
- Reading information about a topic then listening to find whether or not the same points are mentioned,
- Inferring the relationships between the people involved.
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