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Answer:
- A computer program functions by first being written in a programming language to provide a set of instructions for the computer to follow. These instructions are crafted by programmers to solve specific problems or execute particular tasks. Following the writing process, the code is then either compiled or interpreted. In compiled languages like C++ or Java, the code is transformed into machine code by a compiler, while in interpreted languages like Python or JavaScript, the code is translated line by line at runtime by an interpreter. Once the code is converted into machine-readable instructions, the program is ready for execution. During execution, the program interacts with the computer's hardware and operating system to carry out calculations, data processing, and user interactions. Inputs are received from users or external sources, while outputs are generated to display results or communicate information. Error handling, testing, maintenance, and updates are crucial steps in ensuring the program's functionality and reliability. Programmers continuously work on improving and optimizing programs to meet evolving user needs and technological requirements.
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