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Answer:
1. Definition or Explanation Clue:
- Sentence: The heavy rainfall, which is the primary cause of flooding, has affected the entire region.
- Explanation: The phrase "which is the primary cause of flooding" directly defines the cause.
2. Synonym or Restatement Clue:
- Sentence: The drought led to a severe water shortage. In other words, the lack of rain caused reservoirs to dry up.
- Explanation: The phrase "In other words" restates the cause and effect using different words.
3. Antonym or Contrast Clue:
- Sentence: Unlike previous years when the monsoon brought abundant rain, this year’s dry spell has led to water scarcity.
- Explanation: The word "unlike" contrasts the past situation with the current one, highlighting the cause and effect relationship.
4. Example Clue:
- Sentence: The factory's pollution has numerous negative effects, such as respiratory problems among local residents.
- Explanation: The phrase "such as" introduces an example of the effect caused by the pollution.
5. Inference Clue:
- Sentence: Due to the increase in remote work, many companies are reducing their office space. This change has led to a decrease in commercial real estate demand.
- Explanation: From the context, we infer that the increase in remote work is the cause and the decrease in real estate demand is the effect.
6. Cause and Effect Signal Words:
- Sentence: Because the students studied hard, they performed exceptionally well on the exams.
- Explanation: The word "Because" is a signal word indicating the cause, and the result is the effect.