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Javanese and Balinese Gamelan music are traditional music styles from Indonesia, specifically from the islands of Java and Bali. Gamelan music is a type of orchestra that originated in Southeast Asia, and it is characterized by the use of gongs, metallophones, drums, and other traditional instruments.
Javanese Gamelan Music
Javanese Gamelan music is from the island of Java, and it is known for its complex and intricate music style. The word "gamelan" is a Javanese word meaning "orchestra," referring to the instruments that make up the ensemble. Javanese Gamelan music has a long history, and it has evolved over time, influenced by various cultures, including Hindu, Buddhist, and Islamic traditions.
In Javanese Gamelan music, musicians "improvise" in a sense, but not in the Western sense of the term. They develop, embellish, and "improve" a piece as it is being performed, but within certain traditional rules. There are five different types of improvisations in Javanese Gamelan music.
Balinese Gamelan Music
Balinese Gamelan music, on the other hand, is from the island of Bali, and it has evolved from a complex mixture of local and Javanese sources. Balinese music is known for its fast-paced and dramatic style, with sudden changes in tempo and dynamics. Unlike Javanese Gamelan music, Balinese music is strictly composed, with little room for improvisation.
Balinese Gamelan music has undergone significant changes and developments in the 20th century, particularly after the Dutch colonization of Bali in 1908. The court gamelans were sold or given to village musicians, leading to the development of new styles and ensembles. Today, Balinese music is known for its flamboyance and creativity, with many composers writing new pieces for their ensembles.
Overall, both Javanese and Balinese Gamelan music are rich and complex music traditions that reflect the cultural heritage of Indonesia.