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Answer:
The 8 types of speech acts are:
1. ASSERTIVES: Statements that convey information or make claims about the world. They aim to assert the truth or falsehood of a proposition.
2. DIRECTIVES: Speech acts that are intended to get the listener to do something. They include commands, requests, and suggestions.
3. COMMISSIVES: Utterances that commit the speaker to a future course of action. They involve promises, pledges, or threats.
4. EXPRESSIVES: Speech acts that express the speaker's feelings, attitudes, or psychological states. They include apologies, thanks, congratulations, and condolences.
5. DECLARATIONS: Speech acts that bring about a change in the external world by the very act of speaking. They include pronouncements, declarations of war, or declarations of marriage.
6. REPRESENTATIVES: Statements that represent or describe a state of affairs. They aim to convey information about the world as the speaker believes it to be.
7. QUESTIONS: Speech acts that seek information or clarification from the listener. They can be interrogative sentences or other forms of inquiry.
8. REQUESTS: Speech acts that ask the listener to do something. They are a type of directive speech act that involves seeking assistance or cooperation.