Humans primarily exhale carbon dioxide (CO₂) during respiration.
Process of Respiration
- Cellular Respiration - Inside cells, glucose and oxygen undergo cellular respiration to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells.
- Transport to Lungs - Carbon dioxide produced in the cells is transported via the bloodstream to the lungs. It is carried in the form of bicarbonate ions, dissolved in plasma, and bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells.
- Exhalation - In the lungs, carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen in the alveoli. It is then expelled from the body when we exhale.
Importance of Respiration
- Maintains Acid-Base Balance - Exhaling carbon dioxide helps regulate the blood's pH level by maintaining the balance between acids and bases in the body.
- Prevents CO₂ Buildup - Regular exhalation removes excess carbon dioxide from the bloodstream, preventing toxic levels that could disrupt normal bodily functions and lead to respiratory problems.
- Supports Breathing Efficiency - Efficient gas exchange in the lungs ensures that oxygen is continuously supplied to the body and carbon dioxide is effectively removed, which is crucial for overall cellular function and health.
