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8. What is a plasmid?​

Sagot :

Answer:

A plasmid is a small, circular DNA molecule found in bacteria and some eukaryotes that exists independently of the chromosomal DNA and can carry genetic information, often including genes for antibiotic resistance.

A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that exists independently of the chromosomal DNA in a cell. It is commonly found in bacteria and can also be present in archaea and eukaryotes.

Characteristics of Plasmids

  • Circular Structure - Plasmids are typically circular DNA molecules, though linear forms can also occur.
  • Autonomous Replication - They replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA, using their own origin of replication.
  • Extrachromosomal - Plasmids exist outside the chromosomal DNA in the cell, usually in the cytoplasm of bacteria.
  • Variable Copy Number - The number of plasmid copies per cell can vary widely, ranging from a few to several hundred copies.
  • Genetic Carrying Capacity - Plasmids often carry genes that provide advantageous traits, such as antibiotic resistance, which can be beneficial for survival in certain environments.