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A plasmid is a small, circular DNA molecule found in bacteria and some eukaryotes that exists independently of the chromosomal DNA and can carry genetic information, often including genes for antibiotic resistance.
A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that exists independently of the chromosomal DNA in a cell. It is commonly found in bacteria and can also be present in archaea and eukaryotes.
Characteristics of Plasmids
Circular Structure - Plasmids are typically circular DNA molecules, though linear forms can also occur.
Autonomous Replication - They replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA, using their own origin of replication.
Extrachromosomal - Plasmids exist outside the chromosomal DNA in the cell, usually in the cytoplasm of bacteria.
Variable Copy Number - The number of plasmid copies per cell can vary widely, ranging from a few to several hundred copies.
Genetic Carrying Capacity - Plasmids often carry genes that provide advantageous traits, such as antibiotic resistance, which can be beneficial for survival in certain environments.
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