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Sagot :
1. Develops sense of purpose. - Initiative vs. Guilt
2. Becomes industrious; develops self-confidence. - Industry vs. Inferiority
3. Identify crisis; role confusion. - Identity vs. Identity Diffusion
4. Feeling unproductive; stagnant. - Generativity vs. Stagnation
5. Becomes hopeful or optimistic. - Trust vs. Mistrust
6. Feels complete; has complete; has sense of achievement. - Integrity vs. Despair
7. Becomes fearful. - Trust vs. Mistrust
8. Feels dissatisfied with life; in despair. - Integrity vs. Despair
9. Develops sense of inferiority. - Industry vs. Inferiority
10. Develops self-confidence; sense of security. - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Personal Development
These are stages in Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which describes how people grow and change throughout their lives.
Here’s a simple explanation of each stage:
1. Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1 year)
- Babies learn to trust their caregivers if their needs (like food and comfort) are met. If not, they develop mistrust.
2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (1-3 years)
- Toddlers learn to do things on their own, like walking and choosing toys. Success leads to autonomy (independence), while failure results in shame and doubt.
3. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-6 years)
- Preschoolers begin to assert power and control over their environment by planning activities and making decisions. If encouraged, they feel initiative; if not, they might feel guilty.
4. Industry vs. Inferiority (6-12 years)
- Children start school and learn to work and cooperate with others. Success leads to a sense of competence (industry), while failure leads to feelings of inferiority.
5. Identity vs. Identity Diffusion (12-18 years)
- Teenagers explore different roles and ideas to develop a sense of personal identity. Successfully finding their own identity leads to fidelity, while failure results in identity diffusion (confusion about their place in society).
6. Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-65 years)
- Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, like raising children or contributing to society. Success leads to feelings of usefulness (generativity), while failure leads to stagnation.
7. Integrity vs. Despair (65+ years)
- In older age, people reflect on their lives. If they feel proud of their accomplishments, they achieve integrity. If they have regrets, they might experience despair. [tex][/tex]
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