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[tex]\bold{\red{Active ~Mode}}[/tex]: In this mode, the emitter-base junction is forward biased while the collector-base junction is reverse biased.
- This allows current to flow from the emitter to the collector, amplifying the small base current.
- This is the most common operating mode for using a PNP transistor as an amplifier.
[tex]\bold{\red{Cutoff ~Mode}}[/tex]: In this mode, both the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are reverse biased.
- No current flows through the transistor, and it is effectively turned off.
- This is the mode used for switching applications.
[tex]\bold{\red{Saturation ~Mode}}[/tex]: Here, both the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are forward biased.
- The transistor is fully on, and current flows freely from the collector to the emitter.
- This mode is used for switching applications where the transistor needs to be in a low resistance state.
[tex]\bold{\red{Breakdown~ Mode}}[/tex]: If the collector voltage exceeds the safe operating limits, the collector-base junction can break down, causing a large uncontrolled current to flow.
- This mode should be avoided as it can damage the transistor.
[tex]\mathfrak{\small{╰─▸❝@kenjinx}}[/tex]
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