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Explanation:
Specific gravity (SG) is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, typically water at 4°C. Since the density of water at 4°C is approximately 1 g/cm³ (or 1 g/mL), specific gravity can be calculated directly from the density of the substance.
To find the specific gravity of ethyl alcohol, we first need to determine its density using the given mass and volume:
\[ \text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}} \]
Given:
- Mass of ethyl alcohol = 6.3 g
- Volume of ethyl alcohol = 80 mL
So, the density of ethyl alcohol is:
\[ \text{Density} = \frac{6.3 \text{ g}}{80 \text{ mL}} = 0.07875 \text{ g/mL} \]
Next, to find the specific gravity, we compare this density to the density of water:
\[ \text{Specific Gravity (SG)} = \frac{\text{Density of Ethyl Alcohol}}{\text{Density of Water}} \]
Since the density of water is 1 g/mL:
\[ \text{SG} = \frac{0.07875 \text{ g/mL}}{1 \text{ g/mL}} = 0.07875 \]
Therefore, the specific gravity of ethyl alcohol is 0.07875.