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what is the term for the phenomenon in which a liquid appears to flow against gravity?
Capillary action is when a liquid, like water, is able to move up a narrow tube or through a porous material against the force of gravity. This happens because the liquid is attracted to the material it is in contact with and to itself. It is why water can climb up plant roots, soak into a paper towel, or move through a thin straw.
The phenomenon in which a liquid appears to flow against gravity is called capillary action or capillarity. This occurs when the adhesive forces between the liquid and the surface of a narrow tube (or other porous material) are stronger than the cohesive forces within the liquid. As a result, the liquid is drawn up into the tube, seemingly defying gravity. Capillary action is commonly observed with water in thin tubes, sponges, and paper towels.
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