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find the probability of the following simple events

SITUATION: a jar contains 2 white marbles, 4 pink marbles, 5 yellow marbles and 12 blue marbles. If a marble is drawn from the jar at random.

1. what is the probability that this marble is pink
2. what is the probability that this marble is yellow?

SITUATION: a set of cards is numbered 1,2,3,4 ..., 20. Suppose you pick a card at a random without looking.

3. what is the probability that the card chosen is an even number?
4. what is the probability that the card chosen is an odd number?
5. what is the probability that the card chosen is a multiple of 3?​


Sagot :

Fundamental Concept

Probability is the likelihood of achieving the desired outcome.

This is calculated by dividing the number of desired outcomes by the total number of possible outcomes.

Illustration

Say you have a jar with 1 red, 1 green, and 1 blue marble. The probability of getting a red marble is 1/3 since there is one red marble (the desired outcome) and there are 3 possible outcomes (being the red, green, and blue marble).

Application

  1. What is the probability that this marble is pink?

    There are 4 pink marbles (the desired outcome) and 23 total marbles (total possible outcomes).

    As such, the probability of getting a pink marble is 4/23.
  2. What is the probability that this marble is yellow?

    There are 5 yellow marbles (the desired outcome) and 23 total marbles (total possible outcomes).

    As such, the probability of getting a yellow marble is 5/23.
  3. What is the probability that the card chosen is an even number?

    There are 10 even numbers from 1 to 20 (the desired outcome) and 20 total possible outcomes.

    As such, the probability of getting an even number is 10/20 or simply 1/2.
  4. What is the probability that the card chosen is an odd number?

    There are 10 odd numbers from 1 to 20 (the desired outcome) and 20 total possible outcomes.

    As such, the probability of getting an odd number is 10/20 or simply 1/2.
  5. What is the probability that the card chosen is a multiple of 3?​

    There are 6 multiples of 3 from 1 to 20 being 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 (the desired outcome) and 20 total possible outcomes.

    As such, the probability of getting a multiple of 3 is 6/20 or simply 3/10.

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