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steps in protein synthesis

Sagot :

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Transcription- In the nucleus, enzymes make a RNA copy using a portion of DNA. The RNA is then transformed into a messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores and gets into the cytoplasm. Here, the mRNA mixes with the ribosome, which begins the process of protein synthesis. So basically in this stage, RNA is created, so it can go and make instruct the making of protein.
Translation- In translation, each set of three nucleotides in an mRNA molecule codes for one amino acid in a protein. This explains why each set of three nucleotides in the mRNA is called codon. Each codon specifies a particular amino acid. The sequence of codons in the mRNA determines the sequenceof amino acid in the protein.
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Protein Synthesis

protein synthesis serves as the building blocks of cell, it controls the activities and chemical reactions and transporting material, proteins are made up or small molecules called amino acids where the specific amino acids determines the exact function of protein

step 1:
for the step 1 of protein synthesis the , the protein begins with the separation of DNA molecule in two strands of chemical units called nucleotides and in each DNA strand determined a three bases called triplets,in process called transcription there is only one strand acts as template contains the information for the production of amino acid sequence then the precursor strand produced called mRNA
(in DNA there are three determined bases called triplet and corresponding codon for mRNA)

step 2:
after that ,mRNA leaves the nucleus (remember that transcription processed within the nucleus) then the mRNA attaches to the ribososme.located in the cytoplasm where the protein synthesis occur.


srtep 3:
there another type of RNA called tRNA that is scattered throughout the cytoplasm, the amino acids attached to tRNA that is carried to ribosome , another type of RNA, rRNA that serves as the site of attachment of mRNA and tRNA , every tRNA capable of attaching amino acids.

step 4:
through the process called translation the anti codon of tRNA recognizes a particular mRNA that is complementary sequence, usually the first codon is AUG, it signals the starting production of protein, then the ribosomes slides along the mRNA to the next codon.

step 5:
as the process continued the ribosomes continues to move the mRNA strand , the ribosomes comes to an mRNA codon called atop codon (UGC) it suggest that the chain of amino acid or polypeptide chain is built,

step 6:
then the formation of protein is complete.