PART A.
Q16. When we moved the magnet around the compass farther away, the compass needle slightly turned/moved clockwise or counterclockwise or nothing happened at all. When we moved the magnet around the compass nearer, the compass moved/turned clockwise or counterclockwise more noticeably.
Q17. Put the magnet on a horizontal surface and place the button compass next to the magnet's north end and see the compass needle turn away from the magnet's north end.
Q18. Due to the both compass being aligned beside the same north-south direction, supposing that the iron nail has not yet been magnetized.
PART B.
Q19. Yes, the iron fillings inside the test tube are magnetized (because of stroking). The right end of the test tube is the south pole while the starting or left end of the test tube is the north pole.
Q20. The iron fillings lose their magnetism when we shake them.
--Mizu