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Answer:
silicon (Si), a nonmetallic chemical element
in the carbon family (Group 14 [IVa] of
the periodic table). ilicon makes up 27.7
percent of Earth's crust; it is the second
most abundant element in the crust, being
surpassed only by oxygen.
The name silicon derives from the Latin
silex or silicis, meaning "flint" or "hard
stone." Amorphous elemental silicon was
first isolated and described as an element
in 1824 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius, a Swedish
chemist. Impure silicon had already been
obtained in 1811. Crystalline elemental
silicon was not prepared until 1854, when it
was obtained as a product of electrolysis.
In the form of rock crystal, however, silicon
was familiar to the predynastic Egyptians,
who used it for beads and small vases; to
the early Chinese; and probably to many
others of the ancients. The manufacture of
glass containing silica was carried out both
by the Egyptians-at least as early as 1500
BCE-and by the Phoenicians. Certainly,
many of the naturally occurring compounds
called silicates were used in various kinds
of mortar for construction of dwellings by
the earliest people.
Explanation:
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