The C-C sigma bond is formed by the overlap of one sp orbital from each of the carbons, while the two C-H sigma bonds are formed by the overlap of the second sp orbital on each carbon with a 1s orbital on a hydrogen. Each carbon atom still has two half-filled 2py and 2pz orbitals, which are perpendicular both to each other and to the line formed by the sigma bonds. These two perpendicular pairs of p orbitals form two pi bonds between the carbons, resulting in a triple bond overall (one sigma bond plus two pi bonds).
A triple bond can be semihydrogenated in the presence of a variety of reducible or hydrogenolyzable groups, although G conjugation with the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones poses problems of stereoselectivity.
Acetylenic Fatty Acids
Acetylenic Fatty AcidsTriple bonds are often found in FAs of plant origin. Examples of FAs that have triple bonds in their chains include stearolic or 9-octadecynoic, behenolic or 13-docosynoic, tariric or octadec-6-ynoic acids, ximenynic or trans-11-octadecen-9-ynoic acid, and 4,7,11-docosatrien-18-ynoic acid, see Fig. 16.
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