IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES Here is a sample of cause and effect paragraph: What is the paragraph about? What does the key sentence introduce? How many causes of air pollution are stated? This paragraph shows cause and effect, explaining reasons and results of events, situations, or trends. It particularly uses the pattern one effect → multiple causes. The second example of comparison and contrast paragraph. Comparison in writing discusses elements that are similar, while Contrast in writing discusses elements that are different. When writing a comparison-and-contrast paragraph, you should remember the following tips: Air pollution may be due to a lot of factors, the most commons of which are caused by exhaust gases from vehicles, factory gas emissions, and natural events. Exhaust gases from vehicle have continuously dominated the air, especially in highly urbanized towns and cities, mainly because the government lacks control and citizens prefer convenience to the harmful effects. Likewise, the government has not exercised good control over the location of factories that emit gas elsewhere. Most often than not, air pollution is caused by natural events such​