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II. You have also learned about the process of Meiosis or Cell Division in your Science subject for this
week. With this, write a five-sentence Cause-Effect paragraph using the given topic below. Make sure
to use suitable grammatical signals or expressions to have a coherent paragraph. Write your output
on the space provided below, or you may also use a separate sheet for this activity.
The Significance of Cell Division in Maintaining Chromosome Numbers​

Sagot :

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Answer;

Meiosis is the other main way cells divide. Meiosis is cell division that creates sex cells, like female egg cells or male sperm cells.  What is important to remember about meiosis? In meiosis, each new cell contains a unique set of genetic information. After meiosis, the sperm and egg cells can join to create a new organism.    

Meiosis is why we have genetic diversity in all sexually reproducing organisms. During meiosis, a small portion of each chromosome breaks off and reattaches to another chromosome. This process is called "crossing over" or "genetic recombination." Genetic recombination is the reason full siblings made from egg and sperm cells from the same two parents can look very different from one another.

During Meiosis I, the parent cell divides into two haploid cells. You can see that the chromosomes line up in matched pairs that we call homologous chromosomes. The homologous chromosomes will separate then, each being pulled to a different end of the cell. The cell divides through similar steps as in mitosis to form the two daughter haploid cells. However, unlike in Mitosis, the haploid cells produced during Meiosis I have only one set of chromosomes, and different genetic information. This is because of genetic recombination that occurs in the homologous chromosomes.

In Meiosis II, the second stage of Meiosis cell division, the two haploid cells from Meiosis I divide again, resulting in a total of four haploid cells. Again, the haploid cells follow similar steps of division as the mitosis cell cycle.

First, the centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell and form spindle fibers during Prophase II.

Next, the chromosomes line up in the middle during Metaphase II.

During Anaphase II, the chromosomes split and one random half of each moves to the opposite end of the cell.

Finally, during Telophase II, the nuclear envelope is formed around each set of chromosomes. The cell membrane begins to pinch in the middle to form four unique cells with half the number of original chromosomes.

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The meiosis cell cycle has two main stages of division -- Meiosis I and Meiosis II. The end result of meiosis is four haploid daughter cells that each contain different genetic information from each other and the parent cell. Click for more detail. (Image from Science Primer from the National Center for Biotechnology Information.)