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Answer:
1. Which of the following are proportions?
A. 4 : 3 = 12 : 9
B. 3 : 4 = 5 : 6
C. 10 : 15 = 2 : 3
D. 6 : 8 = 42 : 56
2. Express the ratio of the first quantity to the second quantity in lowest term.
A. 8 dm to 20 dm
B. 2,500 m to 3 km
C. 10 cm to 45 cm
D. 3 cm to 1 dm
3. In the proportion a:b = c:d, why is it important to specify that b and d is not equal to zero?
Proportion
an equation that states that two ratios are equal
Ratio
a comparison of two numbers by division
Can be written as: a/b, a:b, or a to b.
Extremes
In the proportion a/b = c/d, a and d are the extremes. If the proportion is written as a:b = c:d, the extremes are in the first and last positions.
Means
In the proportion a/b = c/d, b and c are the means. If the proportion is written as a:b = c:d, the means are in the two middle positions.
Cross Products
In the statement a/b = c/d, the product of the means bc and the product of the extremes ad are called the cross products.
Similar
Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size
Similar polygons
two polygons whose corresponding sides are in proportion and corresponding angles are congruent
Similarity ratio
the ratio of the lengths of the corresponding sides of two similar polygons
Indirect Measurement
any method that uses formulas, similar figures, and/or proportions to measure an object.
Scale Drawing
represents an object as smaller than or larger than its actual size.
Scale
is the ratio of any length in the drawing to the corresponding actual length.