Solution:
Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation.
3MgCl₂ + 2K₃PO₄ → Mg₃(PO₄)₂ + 6KCl
Step 2: Calculate the molar mass of substances needed.
For MgCl₂
molar mass = (24.31 g/mol × 1) + (35.45 g/mol × 2)
molar mass = 95.21 g/mol
For K₃PO₄
molar mass = (39.10 g/mol × 3) + (30.97 g/mol × 1) + (16.00 g/mol × 4)
molar mass = 212.3 g/mol
Step 3: Determine the mole ratio needed.
mole ratio = 3 mol MgCl₂ : 2 mol K₃PO₄
Step 4: Calculate the mass of MgCl₂ required using the mole ratio.
[tex]\text{mass of MgCl₂ = 500 g K₃PO₄} × \frac{\text{1 mol K₃PO₄}}{\text{212.3 g K₃PO₄}} × \frac{\text{3 mol MgCl₂}}{\text{2 mol K₃PO₄}} × \frac{\text{95.21 g MgCl₂}}{\text{1 mol MgCl₂}}[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\text{mass of MgCl₂ = 336 g}}[/tex]
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