Answer:
Title: Comparison of Spanish Colonization—Latin America and the Philippines
Teacher: Anne Sharkey, Huntley High School
Summary:
This lesson took part as a comparison of the different aspects of the Spanish maritime empires with a comparison of Spanish
colonization of Mexico & Cuba to that of the Philippines. The lessons in this unit begin with a basic understanding of each land based
empire of the time period 1450-1750 (Russia, Ottomans, China) and then with a movement to the maritime transoceanic empires
(Spain, Portugal, France, Britain). This lesson will come after the students already have been introduced to the Spanish colonial
empire and the Spanish trade systems through the Atlantic and Pacific. Through this lesson the students will gain an understanding
of Spanish systems of colonial rule and control of the peoples and the territories. The evaluation of causes of actions of the Spanish,
reactions to native populations, and consequences of Spanish involvement will be discussed with the direct correlation between the
social systems and structures created, the influence of the Christian missionaries, the rebellions and conflicts with native populations
between the two locations in the Latin American Spanish colonies and the Philippines.
Level:
High School
Content Area:
AP World History, World History, Global Studies
Duration:
Lesson Objectives:
Students will be able to:
Compare the economic, political, social, and cultural structures of the Spanish involvement in Latin America with the
Spanish involvement with the Philippines
Compare the effects of mercantilism on Latin America and the Philippines
Evaluate the role of the encomienda and hacienda system on both regions
Evaluate the influence of the silver trade on the economies of both regions
Analyze the creation of a colonial society through the development of social classes—Peninsulares, creoles, mestizos,
mulattos, etc.
Procedures:
Teacher will go through background with students concerning the Spanish Empire’s role within each region—SEE APPENDIX
#1: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Students will hypothesize why there would be differences between the rules and impacts on the two regions
o Discussion Questions:
What are the Spanish goals for each of the territories? Think economically, politically, socially, etc.
How is the location or geography going to affect Spanish involvement?
How are cultural divisions in the conquered territory going to affect Spanish involvement?
Students will work in small groups to complete a stations activity (alternatively could be completed as packets, or an online
activity) in order to look at comparable data and information concerning the Philippines and Latin America including data &
primary sources on the economic effects, social effects, and social views of the Spanish rule
Teacher and students will participate in discussion concerning the impact of Spanish rule on both regions in order to see
similarities and understand the reasons for the differences.
Students will write a comparative essay
o Essay Question: “Analyze similarities and differences in the role of Spain in Latin America & the Philippines from
the 16th century until the 18th century.” SEE APPENDIX FOR COMPLETE ESSAY AND AP STYLE RUBRIC
o This can be done as an in-class essay for an AP World History course as following the AP rubric, or as a structured
research or response essay in other courses
