Answer:
THE FIRST CRY OF THE REVOLUTION (AUGUST 1896)
Prepared by:
Ms. Beverly Laltoog
Historical Context:
Philippine Revolution of 1896
Tearing up of cedulas and proclaiming the start of the fight for the independence. The event happened after the Katipunan was exposed on August 19, 1896 and the Spaniards began to crack down on suspected rebels.
cedula
pugad lawin
National historical Commission of The Philippines claimed that, the First cry of the Philippine Revolution of 1896 happened on August 23, 1896 at pugad lawin, now part of project 8 in Quezon City.
Dr. Pio Valenzuela’s
The official date and place of the first Cry were largerly based on his account.
He is an official of the Katipunasn and a friend of Andres Bonifacio, who was present during the event.
Dr. Pio Valenzuela’s Account
Santiago Alvarez’s
One of the leaders of the Cavite revolution.
Alvarez presents an account devoid of any dramatic description as it is merely a narration of the events that happened in Bahay Toro.
Santiago Alvarez’s Account
Santiago Alvarez’s
One of the leaders of the Cavite revolution.
Alvarez presents an account devoid of any dramatic description as it is merely a narration of the events that happened in Bahay Toro.
Santiago Alvarez’s Account
Guillermo Masangkay’s
A friend and fellow Katipunero of Andres Bonifacio.
In his interview with the Sunday Tribute magazine, Masangkay said that the first Cry happened in Balintawak on August 26, 1896. In the first decade of American rule, it was his account that was used by the government and civic officialsto fix the date and place of the first Cry which capped with the erection of the “Monument to the Heroes of 1896” in that place.
In another interview published in the newspaper Bagong Buhay on August 26, 1957, Masangkay changed his narrative stating that the revolution began on August 23, 1896, similar o the assertion of Dr. Pio Valenzuela. But later changed again when his granddaughter, Soledad Buehier- Borromeo, cited sources, including the masangkay papers, that the original date was August 26.
Guillermo Masangkay’s Account
The Cry for a Nationwide Revolution
Nineteenth-century journalists used the phrase “el grite de rebellion’’ or the “the Cry of Rebellion” to describe the momentous events sweeping the Spanish colonies: in Mexico it was the “Cry of Dolores” (September 16, 1810). Brazil the “Cry of Ypiraga” (September &, 1822), and in Cuba the “Cry of Matanza” (February 24, 1895).
In August 1896, northeast of Manila, Filipinas similarly declared their rebellion against the Spanish historian, who institutionalized the phrased for the Philippines in his 1897 book, La Insurreccion en Filipinas. All these “Cries” were milestones in the several colonial-to-nationalist histories of the world.
In focus: Balintawak
Raging controversy
If the expression is taken literally –the Cry as the shouting of nationalistic slogans in mass assemblies –then there were scores of such Cries. Some writers refer to a Cry of Montalbanon April 1895, in the Pamitinan Caves where a group of Katipunan members wrote on the cave walls, “Viva la indepencia Filipina! Long before the Katipunan decided to launch a nationwide revolution.
The historian Teodoro Agoncillo chose to emphasize Bonifacio’s tearing of the cedula (fax receipt) before a crowd of Katipuneros who then broke out in cheers. However, Guardia Manuel Sityar never mentioned in his memories (1896- 1898) the tearing or inspection of the cedula, but did note the pacto de sangre (blood pact) mark on every single Filipino he met in August 1896 on his reconnaissance missions around Balintawak.
Raging controversy
Some writers consider the first military engagement with the enemy as the defining moment of the Cry. To commemorate this martial event upon his return from exile in Hong Kong, Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned a “Himno de Balintawak” to herald renewed fighting after the failed peace of the pact of Biyak na Bato.
