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Which statement correctly compares an atom of boron-11 and an atom of carbon-14?  
a) An atom of boron-11 has one fewer proton and two fewer neutrons than an atom of carbon-14. 
b)  An atom of boron-11 has one fewer neutron and two fewer protons than an atom of carbon-14
c)
 An atom of boron-11 has one fewer proton and three fewer neutrons than an atom of carbon-14.  
d) An atom of boron-11 has one fewer neutron and three fewer protons than an atom of carbon-14

Sagot :

The correct statement from Boron-11 and Carbon-14 :a) An atom of boron-11 has one fewer proton and two fewer neutrons than an atom of carbon-14.

Further explanation

The Atomic Number (Z) indicates the number of protons in an atom of an element. If the atom is neutral then the number of protons will be equal to the number of electrons. So the atomic number can also indicate the number of electrons.

So atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons

Mass Number (A) is the sum of protons and neutrons

Mass Number (A) = Number of protons + Number of Neutrons

So that the relationship between atomic numbers and mass numbers can be formulated as follows:

Atomic Number (Z) = Mass Number (A) - Number of Neutrons

Boron-11 shows that Boron has a Mass number 11

Boron is located in group 3A with atomic number 5, so

number of protons = number of electrons = atomic number = 5

number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons

number of neutrons = 11 - 5 = 6

Carbon-14 shows mass number 14

Carbon is located in group 4A with atomic number 6, so

number of protons = number of electrons = atomic number = 6

number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons

number of neutrons = 14 - 6 = 8

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