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Sagot :
Answer:
Narito ang 10 salawikain at 10 logic puzzles:
Salawikain
1. Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan.
2. Ang pag-aasawa ay hindi biro, 'di tulad ng kanin iluluwa kung mapaso.
3. Ang hindi magawang lumingap sa nakaraan ay walang kinabukasan.
4. Pagkahaba-haba man ng prusisyon, sa simbahan din ang tuloy.
5. Ang taong walang kibo, nasa loob ang kulo.
6. Kung ano ang puno, siya ang bunga.
7. Nasa Diyos ang awa, nasa tao ang gawa.
8. Ang hindi marunong magmahal sa sariling wika, daig pa ang malansang isda.
9. Kapag ang dagat ay tahimik, asahan mo at malalim.
10. Ang batang matapat, pinagtitiwalaan ng lahat.
Logic Puzzles
1. Riddle of the Sphinx: What walks on four legs in the morning, two legs at noon, and three legs in the evening?
- Answer: A human (baby, adult, old person with a cane).
2. The Fox, Chicken, and Grain Puzzle: A farmer needs to cross a river with a fox, a chicken, and a sack of grain. He has a boat but can only take one item at a time. How does he do it without any of them being eaten?
- Answer: Take the chicken across first, go back and take the grain, bring the chicken back, take the fox across, and finally, go back to get the chicken.
3. Two Doors Puzzle: You are in a room with two doors, one leading to freedom and the other to death. There are two guards, one always tells the truth and the other always lies. You can ask one question to one guard to determine the door to freedom. What do you ask?
- Answer: Ask either guard, "If I were to ask the other guard which door leads to freedom, what would he say?" Then choose the opposite door.
4. The Light Bulb Puzzle: You are outside a room with three switches. Inside the room, there are three light bulbs. You can only enter the room once to determine which switch controls which bulb. How do you do it?
- Answer: Turn on the first switch and leave it on for a few minutes. Turn it off, then turn on the second switch. Enter the room. The bulb that is on is controlled by the second switch. The bulb that is warm is controlled by the first switch. The bulb that is off and cool is controlled by the third switch.
5. The Monty Hall Problem: You are on a game show with three doors: behind one is a car, and behind the other two are goats. You choose a door, and the host, who knows what's behind the doors, opens one of the other two doors to reveal a goat. He then asks if you want to switch your choice. Should you switch?
- Answer: Yes, you should switch. The probability of winning the car increases to 2/3 if you switch.
6. The 9 Dots Puzzle: Draw four straight lines through all nine dots without lifting your pencil from the paper or retracing any lines.
- Answer: This is achieved by thinking outside the box and extending lines beyond the dots' boundary.
7. Two Strings Puzzle: You have two strings. When lit from one end, each string will take exactly one hour to burn completely. However, they burn at non-uniform rates. How can you measure 45 minutes?
- Answer: Light one string at both ends and the other string at one end simultaneously. When the string lit at both ends burns out (30 minutes), light the other end of the remaining string. The remaining string will burn out in 15 more minutes.
8. The Prisoner Hat Riddle: Four prisoners are lined up such that the first three can see those in front of them. Each wears a hat, either black or white, and no one can see their own hat. The fourth prisoner, at the back, can see the hats of all three in front of him. If they must correctly guess the color of their own hat to be freed, how does the fourth prisoner help them?
- Answer: The fourth prisoner counts the number of white hats he sees. If it's even, he says his hat is black; if odd, he says white. The third prisoner then deduces his hat based on what the fourth prisoner said and what he sees.
9. The Hourglass Puzzle: You have two hourglasses: a 4-minute one and a 7-minute one. How can you measure exactly 9 minutes?
- Answer: Start both hourglasses simultaneously. When the 4-minute hourglass runs out, flip it immediately. When the 7-minute hourglass runs out, flip it immediately. When the 4-minute hourglass runs out again (8 minutes have passed), the 7-minute hourglass will have one minute of sand left. Flip it, and when it runs out, 9 minutes will have passed.
10. The Chessboard Puzzle: You have a standard 8x8 chessboard and a knight placed on one of the squares. The knight can move in an "L" shape (two squares in one direction and then one square perpendicular, or one square in one direction and then two squares perpendicular). How many moves will it take for the knight to visit every square on the board?
- Answer: This is known as the Knight's Tour problem, and there are various solutions, typically involving a specific sequence of moves. One well-known solution is to follow a pre-determined Hamiltonian path, which can be found through certain algorithms or patterns.
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