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Answer:
Comparison: Earth vs. Mars
1. Atmosphere:
Earth: Thick atmosphere with 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and trace amounts of other gases.
Mars: Thin atmosphere, mostly carbon dioxide (95%), with very little oxygen.
2. Temperature: Earth: Average surface temperature around 15°C (59°F).
Mars: Average surface temperature around -60°C (-80°F).
3. Water:
Earth: Abundant liquid water on the surface.
Mars: Water mostly in the form of ice, with evidence of past liquid water.
Gravity:
4. Earth: Surface gravity 9.8 m/s².
Mars: Surface gravity 3.7 m/s² (about 38% of Earth’s gravity).
5. Habitability Factors for Earth:
Stable Climate: Earth's climate is moderated by its atmosphere and distance from the sun.
Liquid Water: Presence of liquid water is essential for life as we know it.
Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere: Necessary for respiration of aerobic organisms.
Magnetic Field: Protects against harmful solar radiation and cosmic rays.