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5. What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?​

Sagot :

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The two types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are

  1. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) - Studded with ribosomes on its surface, it is involved in protein synthésis and processing.
  2. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER) - Lacking ribosomes, it is involved in lipid synthésis, metabolism, and detoxification.

Importance of the ER types

  • Protein Synthésis and Folding - The rough ER synthesizes and folds proteins, essential for cellular function, secretion, and membrane integration.
  • Lipid Production - The smooth ER is crucial for synthesizing lipids and steroids, which are vital for creating cell membranes and producing hormones.
  • Detoxification -The smooth ER helps in detoxifying harmful substances, aiding in the breakdown and removal of toxins and metabolic waste.