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1. Habitat destruction: The clearing of forests, draining of wetlands, and construction of buildings and roads destroys the habitats of many species, leading to their extinction.
2. Pollution: Pollution from industries, agriculture, and urban areas can contaminate water sources, disrupt ecosystems, and poison plants and animals, contributing to their extinction.
3. Overexploitation: Hunting, fishing, and collecting of wild plants and animals at unsustainable levels can lead to population declines and eventual extinctions.
4. Climate change: Human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation have altered Earth's climate, leading to rising temperatures, changing weather patterns, and disruptions in natural habitats, which can result in extinctions.
5. Introduction of invasive species: The intentional or accidental introduction of non-native species into new habitats can outcompete or prey on native species, driving them to extinction or significantly reducing their populations.
Anthropogenic causes of extinctions are those caused by human activities. These include:
1. Habitat Destruction: When humans clear forests, drain wetlands, or develop land for agriculture or cities, it destroys the homes and food sources of many species.
2. Overexploitation: This happens when people hunt or fish a species faster than it can reproduce. For example, overfishing can deplete fish populations to the point of collapse.
3. Pollution: Chemicals and waste products from industry, agriculture, and households can poison animals and their environments, causing sickness or death.
4. Introduction of Invasive Species: When non-native species are introduced to new areas by humans, they can outcompete native species for resources, leading to their decline or extinction.
5. Climate Change: Human activities like burning fossil fuels release greenhouse gases, which trap heat in the atmosphere and cause global temperatures to rise. This can disrupt ecosystems and make it difficult for some species to survive.
These factors combined contribute to a loss of biodiversity and can lead to the extinction of species worldwide.