Air temperature is generally higher at ground level due to heating by the sun, and decreases with increasing altitude. This vertical temperature difference creates a significant uplift of air, since warmer air nearer the surface is lighter than colder air above it. This vertical uplift of air can generate clouds and rain. Sometimes air from warmer regions of the world collides with air from colder regions. This air mass convergence occurs in the mid-latitudes, where the warm air is forced to rise above the colder air, generating fronts and depressions.
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What is Temperature?
Temperature- is a measure of the energy of molecules in a substance. The hotter they are the more they move. The Earth’s surface temperature is controlled mainly by solar heating which turns on at dawn and then off at sunset. During the typical day the surface heats and during the night it cools. Exceptions to this happen during unusual wind events, where warm or cold air moves over the surface. Changes in the surface temperature heat or cool the air above, which leads to air movement (wind).
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Difference of Air Temperature and Temperature
Air temperature is a measure of how hot or cold the air is. It is the most commonly measured weather parameter. More specifically, temperature describes the kinetic energy, or energy of motion, of the gases that make up air. As gas molecules move more quickly, air temperature increases.
Movement of air
Movement of air due to differences in temperature between two locations is known as convection or advection. Convection is the term commonly applied to vertical movement of air, whilst advection is used in the context of horizontal displacement of air. In the atmosphere, convection and advection transfer heat energy from warmer regions to colder regions, either at the Earth surface or higher up in the atmosphere.
Why is Air Temperature Important?
Air temperature affects the growth and reproduction of plants and animals, with warmer temperatures promoting biological growth. Air temperature also affects nearly all other weather parameters. For instance, air temperature affects:
• the rate of evaporation
• relative humidity
• wind speed and direction
• precipitation patterns and types, such as whether it will rain, snow, or sleet.
How is Air Temperature measured?
The temperature of the air is a measure of how quickly the molecules are moving. Air temperature is measured with thermometers. Common thermometers consist of a glass rod with a very thin tube in it. The tube contains a liquid that is supplied from a reservoir, or "bulb," at the base of the thermometer.
Temperature is usually expressed in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius. 0 degrees Celcius is equal to 32 degrees Fahrenheit. Room temperature is typically considered to be 20-25 degrees Celcius (68-77 degrees Fahrenheit).
A more scientific way to describe temperature is in the standard international unit Kelvin. 0 degrees Kelvin is called absolute zero. It is the coldest temperature possible, and is the point at which all molecular motion stops. It is approximately equal to -273 degrees Celcius and -460 degrees Fahrenheit.
Air Temperature Technology
Temperature can be measured in numerous ways, including thermistors, thermocouples, and mercury thermometers. The SWMP uses thermistors, which are metallic devices that undergo predictable changes in resistance in response to changes in temperature. This resistance is measured and converted to a temperature reading in Celcius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin.
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Causes of Air Temperature
The temperature of the air is caused by the combination of air, water, and land working together. Those three factors heat and cool areas at different rates. Temperature also varies by the time of day, the season, or even the year.
