Answer:
1. b. epicenter
The focus is the place inside Earth's crust where an earthquake originates. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
2. a. focus
The point within the earth where the fault rupture starts is called the focus or hypocenter. This is the exact location within the earth were seismic waves are generated by sudden release of stored elastic energy. The epicenter is the point on the surface of the earth directly above the focus.
3. d. Magnitude
The moment magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of the amount of energy released - an amount that can be estimated from seismograph readings. The intensity, as expressed by the Modified Mercalli Scale, is a subjective measure that describes how strong a shock was felt at a particular location.
4. c. Seismic waves
Figure 18.3: When the two blocks on either side of a fault plane suddenly slip, the energy travels outward from the focus as intense vibrations called seismic waves. These waves cause the ground near the epicenter to shake violently.
5. a. Elasticity
6. d. Strain
When an earthquake occurs energy is transferred, from where the rocks break, and travels throughout the world. The bigger the quake the further from the epicentre the waves will travel. There are four types of earthquake wave generated during an earth quake. They carry energy away from the earthquake epicentre.
7. b. Primary
Compressional waves are also called P-Waves, (P stands for "primary") because they are always the first to arrive. They gave us the first jolt last Friday. Shear waves propagate more slowly through the Earth than compressional waves and arrive second, hence their name S- or secondary waves.
8. c. Secondary
Compressional waves are also called P-Waves, (P stands for "primary") because they are always the first to arrive. ... Shear waves propagate more slowly through the Earth than compressional waves and arrive second, hence their name S- or secondary waves.
Explanation:
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