The outer core and the inner core are made mostly of iron and nickel. The outer core reaches a temperature of 2000°c. With this temperature, the iron and nickel melt thus, this layer is liquid. The inner core has a temperature as high as 5000°c. Unlike the outer core, inner core is compact despite of the very hot temperature brought about the radioactive decay of uranium because of the very great pressure that keeps this layer in solid phase.
The layer that divides the outer core and inner core is known as Bullen discontinuity. Bullen discontinuity is also the hottest region of the wherein the temperature reaches up to 6000°c its as hot as the surface of the sun. The Earth is divided into four layers. The outer layer is the crust, below the crust is the mantle, and followed by the outer core, then the deepest and the hottest layer is known as the inner core.
Here are the four layers of the Earth
- Crust
- Mantle
- Outer core
- Inner core
Crust
The crust is the outermost and the thinnest layer which act as the skin of the Earth that extends from the surface to about 32 kilometers below. This are layer where we live and volcanoes, earthquake, and mountain ranges are formed.
Type of crust
Oceanic crust
Are denser and thinner compared to continental crust.
Continental crust
Thicker and are less dense compared to oceanic crust.
Mantle
Below the crust is the layer known as the mantle, which extends to about 2,900 kilometers from the Earth's surface. The mantle is the thickest layer of the earth and is more dense compared to the crust. It is way hotter than the crust and capable of melting it. The upper mantle are plastic, its made up of magma that because of too much heat it flows which causes changes on the surface of the Earth.
Outer Core
The outer core is 2900 kilometers below the surface of the Earth. It is mostly made up of iron and nickel but in liquid phase and its temperature reaches to about 2000°C. Even if the outer core has a high pressure, but due to its much higher temperature, nickel and iron are melted. The outer core is flowing outside the inner core which generate a magnetic field that protects the earth from the dangerous radioactive material coming from the heat of the sun.
Inner Core
The inner core is the deepest layer made up of solid iron and nickel and has a radius of approximately 1,300 kilometers. Its temperature reaches to about 5000°C. The inner have the highest density compared to the other. The heat in the interior of the Earth is caused by the radioactive decay of uranium in the inner core which releases tremendous amount of heat.
These different layers of the Earth are based on the study about the seismic waves, but no one actually saw what in the interior of the Earth. Scientist maybe able to predict its composition that it is made up of solid or liquid materials but no one has actually seen the interior of the Earth.
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