Answer:
1. Tempo is the speed at which a passage of music is or should be played.
2. Tempo markings are written above the stave at the start of a piece of music.
3. Larghissimo—very, very slow, almost droning (20 BPM and below)
Grave—slow and solemn (20–40 BPM)
Lento—slowly (40–60 BPM)
Largo—the most commonly indicated “slow” tempo (40–60 BPM)
Larghetto—rather broadly, and still quite slow (60–66 BPM)
Adagio—another popular slow tempo, which translates to mean "at ease" (66–76 BPM)
Adagietto—rather slow (70–80 BPM)
Andante moderato—a bit slower than andante
Andante—a popular tempo that translates as “at a walking pace” (76–108 BPM)
Andantino—slightly faster than andante
Moderato—moderately (108–120 BPM)
Allegretto—moderately fast (but less so than allegro)
Allegro moderato—moderately quick (112–124 BPM)
Allegro—perhaps the most frequently used tempo marking (120–168 BPM, which includes the “heartbeat tempo” sweet spot)
Vivace—lively and fast (typically around 168-176 BPM)
Vivacissimo—very fast and lively, even faster than vivace
Allegrissimo—very fast
Presto—the most popular way to write “very fast” and a common tempo in fast movements of symphonies (ranges from 168–200 BPM)
Prestissimo—extremely fast (more than 200 BPM)
4. Tempo is an important musical element that affects human's emotional processes when listening to music.
