The two balloons inside the bottle will expand when you pull down the balloon at the bottom of the model (see attach picture). When you pull down the balloon at the bottom of the model, the volume of the bottle increases. As the volume increases inside the bottle, the air pressure inside the bottle decreases which allows the outside air to enter the tube and enter to the two balloons connected to the tube which makes the balloons inside the bottle "chest" inflate or expand.
In this activity, the bottle represent the chest, the two balloons inside the bottles represent the lungs, the tubes connected to the balloons represents the airway passageway, and the balloon in the bottom of the bottle represent the diaphragm.
During inhalation, diaphragm contracts and moves downward (the same way you pull the balloon in the bottom of the model) allowing the chest cavity to expand facilitating lung expansion. The air outside would then enter the airway passageway until it reaches the alveoli. As the air enter the lungs, it would occupy a space resulting to lung expansion the same way the two balloons inside the bottle expand. In order for the chest cavity to expand and returns back to its original place, several muscles are working to facilitate this activity.
Here are the lists of airway passageway as the air goes into the lungs which represented by the tubes connected to the two balloons inside the bottle.
- Nose
- Nasal cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
Nose
The external organ of breathing system which receives the oxygen during inhalation.
Nasal cavity
oxygen is modified in the nasal cavity before it enters the lower breathing system which the air is warmed, cleaned, and moistened.
Pharynx
common passageway of food and air. Pharynx is divided into three region, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharyx.
Larynx
Receives the oxygen coming from the pharynx as moves down through the epiglottis.
Trachea
also known as windpipe; it receives the air from the larynx and connects it to the bronchi below it.
Bronchi
also called bronchial tubes; two branching tubes that connect the trachea to the right and left lungs.
Bronchioles
Finer subdivision of bronchi, a hairlike tube that connects to the alveoli.
Alveoli
The actual site of gas exchange between oxygen from the atmosphere and carbon dioxide as waste product of metabolism in the body.
Higher concentration of oxygen in the alveoli diffuses to the lower concentration of oxygen in the blood. When oxygen diffuses to the blood, it will bind to the hemoglobin making the the blood oxygenated. Oxygenated blood are being pumped by the heart to be delivered in different parts of the body.
List of Muscles involved during Inhalation
- External Intercostals muscles
- Diaphragm
- Sternocleidomastoid Muslces
- Pectoralis minor
All of these muscles will contract during inhalation to facilitate air to move into the lungs particularly the oxygen air.
List of Muscles involved during Exhalation
- Internal Intercostals Muscles
- Diaphragm
- Abdominal Muscles
- Quadratus Lumborum
All these muscles will contract except for the diaphragm to facilitate exhalation of carbon dioxide gas.
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brainly.ph/question/594345
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