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Sagot :
Complete the sentences.
(1.) fossil were grouped and used as evidence and basis for further classification of living things. The evolutionary history of a group of organisms is called (2.) phylogeny from the Greek word phylon which means "tribe" and genesis which means "origin".
A (3.) phylogenetic tree can be read like a map of evolutionary history. Rooted phylogenetic trees have single lineage at the base representing a common ancestor. Structures of phylogenetic tree are tip or terminal node, basal taxon, sister taxa, polytomy and root. (4.) branch point is the point where split occurs. Lineage that evolved early from the root and remains unbranched is called (5.) basal taxon . A branch with more lineages is polytomy while (6.) root shows that ancestral lineage gave rise to all organisms on the tree.
The four groups of evolutionary tree are monophyletic, paraphyletic, polyphyletic and soft polytomy. (7.) monophyletic group is also called clade which shows common ancestor and all their descendent. (8.) paraphyletic group includes recent common ancestors are not included only distant relative. (10.) soft polytomy indicates that branching is unknown.
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