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Sagot :
Explanation:
Dengue is specially owing to inadequate water supply and poor solid waste management , which are favorable for multiplication of the main vectors including the Aedes ageypti coupled with lack of proven anti viral therapy and no proven efficient vaccine .there are many cases of both dengue shock syndrome and dengue haemmorhagic fever making it a major public health burden sending ominous signal resulting both rising morbidity & mortality, deleterious effect on DALY [disability adjusted life year] & QALY [quality adjusted life year] & though it affect all section of society ,still it affect the poor & underprivileged section more, thereby growing menace in public health in general & in developing countries in particular.
Introduction:
Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, results from a mosquito-borne viral infection. It can lead to severe illness in some cases. Four different viruses can cause dengue fever, and Aedes mosquitoes transmit it. Dengue is one of the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral diseases in the world. Symptoms of dengue fever will depend on the severity of the disease. Around 75% of peopleTrusted Source with dengue fever will not experience symptoms. The last 50 years has witnessed a 30-fold increase with rapid expansion to new countries and, in the present decade, from urban to rural settings. An estimated 50 million dengue infections occur annually and about 2.5 billion people live in dengue endemic areas (1, 2).The first case of probable dengue fever (DF) was recorded in a Chinese medical encyclopedia from the Jin Dynasty (265–420 AD) which referred to as “water poison” associated with flying insects. There have been descriptions of epidemics in the 17th century, but the most plausible early reports of dengue epidemics occurred between 1779 and 1780, when an epidemic swept through Asia, Africa and North America. From that time until 1940, epidemics were infrequent (2, 3).
History
The first case of probable dengue fever (DF) was recorded in a Chinese medical encyclopedia from the Jin Dynasty (265–420 AD) which referred to as “water poison” associated with flying insects. There have been descriptions of epidemics in the 17th century, but the most plausible early reports of dengue epidemics occurred between 1779 and 1780, when an epidemic swept through Asia, Africa and North America. From that time until 1940, epidemics were infrequent (2, 3).
In 1906, transmission by the Aedes mosquitoes was confirmed, and in 1907 dengue was the second disease (after yellow fever) that was shown to be caused by a virus. Further investigations by John Burton Cleland and Joseph Franklin Siler completed the basic understanding of dengue transmission (2, 3).
Dengue fever in India was first reported in 1946 and many small outbreaks occurred after that in different parts of country, like in Vishakhapatnam in 1969 and Jalore, Rajasthan in 1985, but first dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) case was reported in Kolkata back in 1964, and Delhi experienced major outbreak in 1996 (22, 23). During an investigation of an outbreak of unknown fever in siliguri, district Darjeeling, in oct-nov 2005 dengue fever cases were confirmed (24).
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